Screen Reader Access for Blind People or in the middle of their life accidentally loss their eyes

Screen readers are software programs that allow blind or visually impaired users to read the text that is displayed on the computer screen with a speech synthesizer or braille display. A screen reader is the interface between the computer's operating system, its applications, and the user. The user sends commands by pressing different combinations of keys on the computer keyboard or braille display to instruct the speech synthesizer what to say and to speak automatically when changes occur on the computer screen.

Screen reader uses a Text-To-Speech (TTS) engine to translate on-screen information into speech, which can be heard through earphones or speakers. A TTS may be a software application that comes bundled with the screen reader, or it may be a hardware device that plugs into the computer. Originally, before computers had soundcards, screen readers always used hardware TTS devices, but now that soundcards come as standard on all computers many find that a software TTS is preferable. In addition to speech feedback, screen readers are also capable of providing information in Braille. An external hardware device, known as a refreshable Braille display is needed for this. A refreshable Braille display contains one or more rows of cells. Each cell can be formed into the shape of a Braille character, a series of dots that are similar to domino dots in their layout. As the information on the computer screen changes, so does the Braille characters on the display change, providing refreshable information directly from the computer. Whilst it is possible to use either format independently, Braille output is commonly used in conjunction with speech output.

These are some website which are available:

SCREEN READER ACCESS

List of Screen Readers
Screen Reader	Website	Free/Commercial
Non Visual Desktop Access (NVDA)	http://www.nvda-project.org(link is external)	Free
System Access To Go	http://www.satogo.com(link is external)	Free
Thunder	http://www.screenreader.net/index.php?pageid=11(link is external)	Free
WebAnywhere	http://webanywhere.cs.washington.edu/wa.php(link is external)	Free
Hal	http://www.yourdolphin.co.uk/productdetail.asp?id=5(link is external)	Commercial
JAWS	http://www.freedomscientific.com/jaws-hq.asp(link is external)	Commercial
Supernova	http://www.yourdolphin.co.uk/productdetail.asp?id=169(link is external)	Commercial
Window-Eyes	http://www.gwmicro.com/Window-Eyes(link is external)	Commercial

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